Innovative technologies in the use and protection of the environment: legal challenges of today

Authors

  • Olena Savchuk Doctor of Law (PhD), Senior Researcher, Associate Professor of the Environmental Law department, Yaroslav Mudryi National Law University , к.ю.н., доцент кафедри екологічного права Національного юридичного університету Ім. Я. Мудрого
  • Viktoriia Butenko PhD in Law, Assistant at the Law Department of National Aerospace University – "Kharkiv Aviation Institute" NAU "KhAI", Kharkiv, Ukraine, The head of the Shchastia district, Prosecutor's Office of Luhansk region , к.ю.н, асистент кафедри права Національного аерокосмічного університету, керівник Щастинської окружної прокуратури Луганської області

DOI:

https://doi.org/10.37772/2518-1718-2025-2(50)-9

Keywords:

environmental innovations, legal regulation, environmental protection, digital technologies, intellectual property, EU law harmonization, sustainable development

Abstract

Problem setting.  The article aims to investigate the legal challenges associated with the implementation of innovative technologies in the field of environmental protection in Ukraine. The study emphasizes the importance of updating the legal framework to foster the integration of green and digital innovations aimed at sustainable development. Legal relations regarding the use and protection of the environment in the innovative sphere have repeatedly attracted the attention of researchers.

Analysis of recent researches and publications. The issue under consideration has been given attention in one way or another by such leading scientists as: A. P. Getman, E. M. Bilousov, I. V. Anisimova, V. L. Bredikhina, D. V. Zadykhailo, D. D. Zadykhailo, G. I. Balyuk, M. V. Krasnova and other leading scientists-researchers.

Target of the research. The research is based on general scientific and special legal methods, including comparative legal analysis, formal-legal method, and systemic-structural approach. The study also involves an examination of relevant Ukrainian legislation and European Union legal norms.

Article’s main body. The study identifies key legal issues that hinder the effective implementation of environmental innovations, such as regulatory gaps, lack of alignment with EU standards, and underdeveloped judicial mechanisms for protecting intellectual property in green technologies. Real-life examples of technological solutions, including automated environmental monitoring systems and digital tools in climate policy, are presented. Additionally, the article proposes specific directions for improving the legal regulation of environmental innovations.

Conclusions and prospects for development. In the current conditions of global environmental challenges and climate change, the introduction of innovative technologies in the field of environmental protection is of key importance for ensuring sustainable development. Ukraine, as a state that has declared a European integration vector and strives to achieve climate neutrality, has every reason to actively involve and develop "green" innovations. However, the effectiveness of these processes largely depends on the level of legal support and the readiness of state institutions to adapt to new realities.

The problems analyzed in the study indicate that national legislation requires systematic improvement. Among the priority tasks are the elimination of legal gaps and conflicts, harmonization with European environmental standards, as well as the introduction of incentive mechanisms for business, science and civil society. An important direction is the formation of a clear terminological base in the field of environmental innovations, which will contribute to transparency and legal certainty.

The experience of implementing digital solutions, automated monitoring systems, eco-startups and innovation support institutions shows that technological solutions can significantly improve the state of the environment. However, their development is impossible without appropriate legal support, intellectual property protection, effective environmental control and state funding. Thus, the integration of innovations into the field of environmental protection should be comprehensive, covering legal, economic, technical and social instruments.

References

Horbatch, L.M. (2013). Ecologicheski inovaciyi yak vyznachalnyi element novoi modeli pryrodokorystuvannya. Ekonomika pryrodokorystuvannya i okhorony dovkillya: Zb. nauk. pr. K.: DU IEPSR NAN Ukrayiny, 89–94.

Verkhovna Rada of Ukraine. (2006). Pro derzhavne rehulyuvannya diyalnosti u sferi transferu tekhnologiy: Zakon Ukrayiny 14.09.2006 № 143-V. Vedomosti Verkhovnoi Rady Ukrayiny. 2006. № 45. St. 434. (Accessed 05.06.2025)

WIPO. (Training Manual). Exchanging Value — Negotiating Technology Licensing Agreements. Available at: https://tind.wipo.int/record/28675 (Accessed 05.06.2025)

Davydiuk, O.M. (2009). Tekhnologiya yak ob’iekt gospodarsko-pravovogo rehulyuvannya [dissertation]. Kharkiv. 222 p.

Adamyuk, D.I. (2015). Ponyattya tekhnologiyi: vstanovlennya zmistu ta spivvidnoshennya z inshymy sumizhnymi ponyattyami. Pravo ta innovatsiine suspilstvo, 1(4), 34–41.

Pohribnyi, D.I. (2013). Gospodarsko-pravove rehulyuvannya vidnosyn u sferi transferu tekhnologiy. Pravo ta innovatsiyi, 4, 27–41.

Atamanova, Yu.E. (2008). Gospodarsko-pravove zabezpechennya innovatsiynoyi polityky derzhavy [monograph]. Kharkiv: FINN, 82–121.

Vsesvitnya Orhanizaciya Intelektualnoyi Vlasnosti. (1999). Osnovy intelektualnoyi vlasnosti. K.: Izd. dom «In Yure». 600 p.

Davydiuk, O.M. (2010). Tekhnologiya yak ob’iekt gospodarsko-pravovogo rehulyuvannya [monograph]. Kharkiv: FINN. 176 p.

Glibko, S.V. (Ed.). (2021). Kontseptsiya «Industriya 4.0»: problemy vprovadzhennya i okremi pravovi aspekty realizatsiyi v Ukrayini [monograph]. Kharkiv: NDI prav. zabesp. innov. rozv. NAprN Ukrayiny. 200 p.

Malysheva, N.R., & Vinnik, O.M. (2022). Ekologiya, ekonomika, cyfrovizatsiya: pravovi problemy vzajemodiyi. Visnyk Natsional’noyi akademiyi pravovykh nauk Ukrayiny, 29(2), 238–260.

Hetman, A.P., & Suietnov, Ye.P. (2021). Shchodo pravovogo rehulyuvannya gospodarskoyi diyalnosti na zasadakh vprovadzhennya ekosystemnoho pidkhodu. Zbirnyk naukovykh prats NDI PZIR NAprN Ukrayiny. Vyp. 5. Cifrovi transformaciyi Ukrayini 2021: vyklyky ta realiyi: za materialamy II kruhloho stolu (m. Kharkiv, 20 veresnya 2021 roku), S. 27–36.

Maksymova, I. (2023). Integraciya klimatychnykh polityk Ukrayiny ta YES na zasadakh didzhitalizatsiyi. Zhurnal yevropeyskoyi ekonomiky, 22(1), 94–110. Available at: http://jeej.wunu.edu.ua/index.php/ukjee/article/view/1639 (Accessed 05.06.2025)

He, Y., He, J., & Wen, N. (2023). The challenges of IoT-based applications in high-risk environments, health and safety industries in the Industry 4.0 era using decision-making approach. Journal of Innovation and Knowledge, 8(21), 100347. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jik.2023.100347 (Accessed 05.06.2025)

Yermolayeva, T.V., & Lozo, O.V. (2022). Aktual’ni napryamy ekoloho-pravovoyi polityky u sferi vydobuvannya nadr. Yuridychnyi naukovyi elektronnyi zhurnal, 7, 207–211. DOI: https://doi.org/10.32782/2524-0374/2022-7/46 (Accessed 05.06.2025)

Verkhovna Rada of Ukraine. (2011). Pro zatverdzhennya Zahal’noderzhavnoyi prohramy rozvytku mineral’nosyrovynnoyi bazy Ukrayiny na period do 2030 roku: Zakon Ukrayiny 21.04.2011 № 3268-VI. (Accessed 05.06.2025)

Bredikhina, V.L. (2023). Pravove zabezpechennya vykorystannya tekhnologiy industriyi 4.0 u sferi pryrodokorystuvannya ta okhorony dovkillya. Pravo ta innovatsiyi. (4(44), 40–48.

Bakai, Yu.Yu. (2020). Pravovi zasady zaprovadzhennya innovatsiynykh tekhnologiy v ahrobiznesi. Aktual’ni pravovi problemy innovatsiynoho rozvytku ahrosfery: zbirnyk materialiv naukovo-praktychnoyi konferentsiyi (m. Kharkiv, 20 lystopada 2020). 75–77.

Naumenko, A.O. Mechanizm transferu tekhnologiy do ahropromyslovoho kompleksu za pidtrymky derzhavy. Investytsiyi: praktyka ta dosvid. Available at: http://www.investplan.com.ua/?op=1&z=6661&i=14 (Accessed 05.06.2025)

Lesnyak, O., & Logvynyuk, A. (2020). Problemy vprovadzhennya ekologichnykh innovaciy v Ukrayini. Available at: http://oldconf.neasmo.org.ua/node/486 (Accessed 05.06.2025)

Kundryk, M.T. (2009). Napryamy derzhavnoho rehulyuvannya ekolohichno oriyentovanoyi innovatsiynoyi infrastruktury v Ukrayini. Naukovyi visnyk NLTU Ukrayiny. (19.14), 225–230.

Tsyhlyk, I.I., Kropelnyts’ka, S.O., Mozil, O.I., & Tkachuk, I.G. (2004). Ekonomika i orhanizaciya innovatsiynoyi diyalnosti [navch. posibnyk]. K.: Tsentr navchal’noyi literatury. 128 p.

Rozgon, O.V. (2020). Innovatsiyni tekhnologiyi, yaki spryamovani na zakhyst dovkillya. Teoretychni ta praktychni aspekty rozvytku nauky ta osvity (chastyna II): materialy Mizhnarodnoyi naukovo-praktychnoyi konferentsiyi (m. L’viv, 22–23 sichnya 2020 roku). L’viv: L’vivskyi naukovyi forum, 64–66.

Savchuk, O.O. (2024). Sub’yekty ekologichnykh innovatsiy: suchasni pravovi vyklyky. Innovatsiyi i pravo. (3(47), 78–83.

Savchuk, O.O. (2021). Normatyvne vregulyuvannya pravovidnosyn shchodo vykorystannya i okhorony dovkillya v innovatsiyniy sferi. Pravo ta innovatsiine suspilstvo. Available at: https://apir.org.ua/wp-content/uploads/2021/12/Savchuk17.pdf (Accessed 05.06.2025)

Savchuk, O.O. (2021). Pravove rehulyuvannya innovatsiynykh tekhnologiy yak instrumentu funktsionuvannya pravovidnosyn vykorystannya i okhorony dovkillya. Naukovyi visnyk MGU (Ser. Yurysprudentsiya). (54), T. 1, 111–115. Available at: http://vestnik-pravo.mgu.od.ua/archive/juspradenc54/part_1/26.pdf (Accessed 05.06.2025)

Ilkiv, N.V. (2024). Didzhitalizaciya pravovogo mekhanizmu zapobihannya zmini klimatu. Analitichno-porivnyalne pravoznavstvo. (4), 265–270.

Marko, S.I. (2023). Vykorystannya suchasnykh informatsiynykh tekhnologiy u protydiyi kryminal’nym pravoporushennyam proty dovkillya. Analitichno-porivnyalne pravoznavstvo. (5), 480–484.

Published

2025-07-04