Legal ensurance of sustainable development of the energy system of Ukraine in the conditions of martial state and post-war reconstruction

Abstract

Problem setting. Sustainable development of the energy sector has a direct impact on improving the quality of life of the population, that is achieved through ensuring access to clean and reliable energy sources. In the context of sustainable development, legal regulation of energy relations should become an effective tool for overcoming current challenges and forming a sustainable, independent and environmentally safe energy system of Ukraine. Only with a comprehensive approach to updating legislation can it be possible to ensure the harmonious development of the energy sector, that will meet modern requirements. Therefore, in conditions of martial law and post-war reconstruction, ensuring sustainable development of the energy complex is of crucial importance for the restoration of the national economy.

Analysis of recent researches and publications. The problems of legal support for sustainable development of the energy system and its components have been studied by many scientists. Thus, scientists V. S. Khomyn, V. L. Bredikhina, I. A. Kantsir studied the security and environmental challenges of the prospects for sustainable development of the economy of Ukraine in the context of energy transition. The results of this study proved the need for energy transition as the main factor in ensuring energy security of Ukraine and achieving sustainable economic development, which is due to the strategic aspiration of our country to integrate into the EU. O. V. Rozghon was conducted eco-innovation as a determining factor in achieving sustainable development goals in the automotive sector, the conducted research allowed us to conclude that eco-innovation as a determining factor in achieving sustainable development goals in the automotive sector is a means of implementing the principles of a closed-loop economy, that are built on minimizing waste from electric vehicle production, supporting resource-saving and environmentally friendly production, restoring resources, and reducing the negative impact on the environment. V. O. Timashov considered the importance of legal regulation of the development of renewable energy in the context of martial law in Ukraine and analyzed the impact of the war period on the country's energy security. The author also investigated the main aspects of legal regulation of renewable energy in the context of martial law, in particular legislative initiatives aimed at supporting the development of alternative energy sources during crisis situations.

Article’s main body. It should be agreed that the basic priority direction of implementing state policy within the framework of the country's investment and innovative development is the application or strengthening of the intellectual component, digitalization of economic processes, reduction of resource costs, including material, energy and human, implementation of the investment and innovation potential of economic recovery and growth in the national macroeconomic environment. Taking into account the main areas of prioritization, the development of the energy sector serves as the starting point for ensuring the sustainable development of the national economy of Ukraine. The Energy Security Strategy, that was developed to ensure the balance of the economic, social and environmental dimensions of sustainable development of Ukraine, meets the goals of sustainable development defined by the Decree of the President of Ukraine dated September 30, 2019. No. 722 «On the Sustainable Development Goals of Ukraine for the period up to 2030», determines that energy security is inextricably linked to the success of European integration, synchronization of energy systems and markets with European ones and sustainable development of the sector. At the same time, the Energy Security Strategy identifies threats to energy security at the national level (in particular, to the sustainable development of the fuel and energy complex). In response to the challenges of war and energy destabilization, the Ukrainian government approved a new Energy Strategy of Ukraine until 2050, which sets a course for achieving climate neutrality, abandoning imports of Russian energy carriers, and transitioning to sustainable, decentralized energy based on renewable energy sources. However, problematic issues in the functioning of the energy system confirm the presence of real threats to the functioning of the fuel and energy complex, and in addition, martial law conditions exacerbate existing problems and distort new challenges that have negative consequences.

Conclusions and prospects for the development. Based on the research conducted, it should be determined that currently the main areas of ensuring sustainable development of the energy system of Ukraine should be ensuring proper legal regulation of the energy sector and effective implementation of priority areas of science and technology and innovation activities, activating European integration processes, developing and renewing energy infrastructure, and ensuring innovative development of leading energy sectors.